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Tobacco use in Bangladesh

 

 

Smoking rates by age and sex, 19971

 

Age

Sex

10-14

15-19

20-34

35-49

50+

Male

2.8

14.4

47.6

70.3

21.2

Female

0.1

0.9

3.3

6.6

2.8

Average for both sexes

1.6

8.3

23.7

41.0

12.3

According to WHO statistics, in 1993, 47,192 hectares were harvested for tobacco, with 0.5% of all arable land being used for tobacco growing.  The total yield of tobacco in 1996 was 38,000 metric tons.  In 1992, Bangladesh produced about 75,000 million manufactured cigarettes and bidis (about 1.3% of the world total).  In 1993, export earnings amounted to US$10 million, half the import costs of US$20 million.  In 1997, 16,500 million cigarettes were produced, consisting of 2,900 million filter cigarettes and 13,600 non-filter cigarettes.  The WHO statistics estimate that 70% of tobacco produced is used for cigarettes and bidis, with 20% being consumed as chewing tobacco and the remainder going to cigars, snuff, and pipe tobacco. 2  The level of accuracy of the figures is not clear.

 Table 2.  Annual tobacco trade and agriculture statistics3

 

Unit of measurement

1970

1980

1990

1995

1998

Cigarette imports

sticks in millions

--

177

86

70

52

Cigarette exports

sticks in millions

--

--

2

--

47

Tobacco leaf imports

metric tons

--

740

805

1,137

5,012

Tobacco leaf exports (% of total exports)

metric tons (%)

--

--

870 (0.11%)

278 (0.02%)

2,307 (--)

Cigarette production

sticks in millions

17,787

13,830

12,289

17,379

--

Tobacco leaf production

metric tons

41,200

39,524

37,800

38,000

36,655

Land devoted to tobacco growing (% of agricultural land)

hectares (%)

45,700 (0.50%)

45,091 (.49%)

45,070 (0.48%)

36,000 (0.44%)

32,823 (--)

Employment in tobacco manufacturing

people

4,190

6,340

27,155

--

--

With little access to further information, knowledge of the health effects of tobacco use is weak.  One study4 found that while over 93% of male and over 84% of female smokers knew that “smoking is bad for health”, far fewer were aware of specific effects.  Among male and female smokers respectively, 49.7% and 36.3% knew that smoking causes cancer.  For other diseases, the figures are 72.3% and 54.8% for TB, 12.2% and 10.5% for high blood pressure, 16.9% and 15.3% for heart disease, and 4.6% and 3.2% for other diseases.  For all diseases and both genders, except women’s knowledge of heart disease, non-smokers have slightly higher awareness of the diseases caused by smoking.

References:

(1) Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistical Pocketbook Bangladesh 1998.  Dhaka:  1999.

(2) WHO, “Tobacco or Health:  Country Profile Bangladesh.”

(3) Corrao MA, Guindon GE, Sharma N, Shookoohi DF (eds.)  Tobacco Control Country Profiles, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA (USA), 2000.

(4) Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Prevalence of Smoking in Bangladesh.  Dhaka:  1996.

 

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